Jeff Is Sitting With A Group Of Children & A Couple Of Counselors Doin

Jeff is sitting with a gathering of kids It gives the idea that the instructor is singing a tune that is intelligent with the youngsters. Jeff seems, by all accounts, to be dynamic When he is called to stand up he bounces up As he is plunking down he is ceaselessly conversing with the guide to his left side or the young lady to his right side. He is filling his cheeks with air He is continually scouring his accomplishment on the floor covering or intersection He has all the earmarks of being on edge. The kids have these little square shapes of floor covering that they are perched on. Jeff is pulling it over his head He's beginning to bite on it without warning he gets up He at that point runs back over the room towards the bathroom He obviously is utilizing the bathroom. An advocate is helping him wash He at that point stumbles into the room He snatches something off the table There is no genuine demeanor of shock all over. He at that point runs over towards the storage, stops, strol ls in reverse for a couple of steps, turns around then snatches a knapsack. He is grinning the entire time. He at that point runs back to the table with a major smile all over When it gives the idea that nobody is focusing he inclines toward his knapsack like it's a pad. He is shaking back He at that point unfastens his multi-hued rucksack and says, I have an exceptional treat! He holds up something enveloped by paper. The instructor pushes a bowl towards him He ventures into the bowl He gets a little pitcher of water that the advocate has topped off He at that point fills the youngster's glass to one side of him He appears to be pleased with himself. He at that point gets his bundle He keeps on eating The entire time he is talking however it doesn't appear to be coordinated to anybody specifically. He begins to play the drums gently on the table. The instructor begins to peruse the kids a book. He seems to turn out to be mindful. Out of nowhere he seems, by all accounts, to be rest less. He's sort of pointing at the book He gets an opportunity He holds up somewhat longer He keeps on listening contemplatively. He seems, by all accounts, to be the most vocal of this little gathering of kids at the table. He keeps on eating He starts to lean forward on the table as to show signs of improvement look He says, goodness gracious! He lifts the kid to his lefts arm Another advocate approaches the table He gives off an impression of being listening eagerly. At the point when the advocate leaves Jeff comes to over to the kid

Legalization Of Marijuana Essays (798 words) -

Authorization of Marijuana The reason for this paper is to talk about weed and look at the two sides of the issue of sanctioning maryjane. We have two groups battling one another; one the individuals who are ace maryjane and the individuals who are against cannabis. These two groups have been battling on this issue on the lobbies of equity for quite a long time. Master cannabis legitimization gatherings, for example, the Physician's Relationship for AIDS Care, National Lymphoma Foundation contend that weed ought to be sanctioned so as to treat critically ill patients. Among them are AIDS casualties who find that weed invigorates their cravings so they can fend off risky anorexia; glaucoma victims who have utilized weed said it has forestalled them from going visually impaired, and disease patients for whom it reduces the serious sickness that is regularly goes with chemotherapy and some of the time makes lifesaving treatment unimaginable. Because of all these campaigning bunches which show subeztial proof that pot can be utilized as an endorsed sedate. Likewise numerous advocates who are expert maryjane whine that morphine and cocaine are lawful and are exceptionally perilous medications, that raises the inquiry why not legitimize weed as clinical medication which is demonstrated to be less perilous than cocaine and morphine. Campaigning bunches in a San Diego, California , gathering advisory group collectively casted a ballot to encourage president Bill Clinton and congress to end government limitations against the utilization of pot for legitiment clinical use. City board ladies Christine kehoe said she needed the city of San Diego to go on the record we bolster the clinical use maryjane.; weed can be a medication of need in the treatment of AIDS, glaucoma, malignant growth and various sclerosis. Numerous organizations which are against maryjane, for example, Drug Implementation Agency and police offices contend that weed shouldn't be authorized. These offices accept that weed shouldn't be authorized provided that weed is to get legitimate at that point thousands additional patients utilizing maryjane. At that point individuals will raise the question why maryjane unlawful at all if its a medication. The primary motivation behind why the Drug Enforcement Agency doesn't need pot to be lawful is on the grounds that their is no in-your-face proof that demonstrates that pot is a successful medication as a medication. In twenty long stretches of exploration have created no dependable logical verification that pot has clinical worth. The American Cancer Society , American Glaucoma Society,the National Multiple Sclerosis, the American Academy of Ophthalmology, or the American Medical Association , state that their is no proof that pot is a medication. The offices additionally contends that no other medication recommended is smoked and that realized discoveries show that pot is intensely destructive to AIDS, Cancer patients in light of the fact that the dynamic fixing in weed intensely lessens the bodies white platelets which ward off disease. The Drug Enforcement Agency alongside police offices everywhere throughout the United States accept, with the legitimization of medications wrongdoing will increment because of a higher increment of pot clients which will in the end become addicts will at present or slaughter so as to get their drugs. These are the central matters and reasons why the Drug named pot shouldn't be sanctioned in the United States of America. Seeing stall sides of the issue I arrive at a resolution that pot ought to be sanctioned so as to help individuals experiencing fatal infections, for example, AIDS, Cancer and Glaucoma. Restriction of weed over the previous decades hasn't deminshed the interest of the tranquilize in the United States. The utilization of weed has intensely went up because of the mass consideration given to cannabis by rappers, for example, Cypress Hill who advance the utilization of cannabis as a social medication. In any case, I accept that cannabis is staying put in our general public and is as it were experiencing the phases that liquor had during the preclusion period. Cannabis will get legitimate because of the knew organization which is liberal and who's pioneer, president Bill Clinton who had intensely utilized cannabis during the nineteen sixties. Because of all these factors pot will turn out to be all the more broadly acknowledged by the American individuals who will constrain congress to modify the laws on the medication pot. Presently it won't be long until campaigning gatherings constrain the lawmaking body to authorize it. Because of sanctioning numerous

Nursing experiential learning paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing experiential learning paper - Essay Example m a visit to the sentence structure school point such that fundamental information about networks is of principal significance to network wellbeing organizations with respect to the arrangement of care which builds self-sufficiency to the people, families and networks too. In this specific case, picking up information about the strict and social convictions of a specific gathering of individuals would extraordinarily help particularly in demystifying the legend that customary ceremonies and petitions are successful solutions for diseases than regular medicinal services. It would give the nearby individuals a feeling of freedom and independence in essential human services issues. For example, vaccination against executioner maladies in early stages, for example, lockjaw or diphtheria is the best cure in the counteraction of such sicknesses. This information would illuminate the families particularly on the quintessence of essential human services. Then again, this visit was additionally edifying in that social occasion data about networks comprised of a various populace would empower successful correspondence between customer populaces and other human services suppliers in the administration of medicinal services. This would likewise empower rehearses in set up jobs to give financially savvy, quality heath care in both organized and unstructured settings. This would be founded on the idea that counteraction is better than fix since it would be savvy to forestall an infection at grassroots level before its episode. This visit was additionally compelling in building a feeling of individual and expert advancement as a feature of the deep rooted learning process in the nursing clique. Getting direct data about totals and networks empowers a wellbeing specialist to be objective particularly when managing a different populace with differentiated needs also. The fundamental goal would be the arrangement of value social insurance paying little heed to ideology or conviction framework. Another visit to the town wellbeing division likewise found that the populace

Drugs and their uses

Vanish Disappear is normally used to treat a wide scope of conditions. These incorporate tension, alarm assaults, a sleeping disorder, seizures, muscle fits, fretful leg yeomen, liquor withdrawal, Benedictine withdrawal, sedative withdrawal condition and excavator's illness. Sanitation is a hypodermic medication used to control raised cholesterol or hyperventilation's with exercise, diet, and weightless. Headache medicine Aspirin is an antiparticle medication. This implies it diminishes the danger of blood clusters framing in your blood.Co-coda Co-coda is a compound pain relieving which comprises of a blend of codeine phosphate and culprit, utilized for help for gentle to direct torment. Mailman Postman is a phosphate sedate utilized for a few bone sicknesses including osteoporosis. Wildfire (Lasso) Brushfire (Lasso) is a circle diuretic utilized in the treatment of hypertension, congestive cardiovascular breakdown and edema. It's likewise utilized for hepatic cirrhosis, renal hindra nce, nephritic disorder, and in the administration of serious hyperglycemia in blend with adeptest reiteration.Do you know what these medications are? Meteoroid (Cellophane, Reamer, Glummest, Forefeet ) Meteoroid is an oral anti-microbial medication in the beguine class. This medication is for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, in overweight and fat people with ordinary kidney work. Fighting (Minerva) Warfare is an anticoagulant regularly utilized in the avoidance of apoplexy ND thrombosis's, the development of blood clusters in veins and their relocation somewhere else in the body.Responding (Airspeeds) Responding is an antispasmodic tranquilize essentially used to treat schizophrenia, particular issue, the blended and hyper conditions of bipolar issue and crabbiness in acidic people. Residents Citizens is a second era antihistamine utilized in the treatment of feed fever, hypersensitivities, angiosperm and creative. Together (carbonized) Together is an anticonvulsant and state of m ind balancing out medication utilized basically to regard epilepsy and bipolar issue just as activating neuralgia.

Friendship, Life, and Nature: Of Mice and Men Essay -- literary Analys

John Steinbeck is a creator that makes a hallucination of life in carnal terms. Over the span of the novella, creature qualities are given to the character Lennie. The creator looks at the character to a creature alongside clarifying the genuineness and intuitive development of the character. â€Å"These are made satisfactory and in reality moving as a result of the real pleasantness on feels in Steinbeck’s nature and on the grounds that he considers these to be creatures as being in any event as noble as animals† (Allen 325). People have impulses and practices that are like creatures. Steinbeck’s individual enthusiasm of people depict under the living characteristics of creatures. â€Å"Lennie dallied his huge paw in the water†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Steinbeck 3). Steinbeck looks at Lennie to a huge creature in physical terms. Lennie’s hand speaks to the paw of the huge creature. In general, Steinbeck’s style of composing delineates the lives of two men du ring the Great Depression and the solid association of kinship they share through a battle of life and the idea of being human. Insurance of a companion portrays the American topic of two male partners. George looks out for Lennie in insurance of his security and guiltlessness. Playing the job of thinking about Lennie after his Aunt Clara, George needs to lead both himself and Lennie to their future goal. â€Å"†Hide till I want you. Don’t let no one see you. Stow away in the brush by the river†Ã¢â‚¬  (Steinbeck 30). Subsequently, George needs to screen Lennie and guard him from hazard. The George’ words mirror his sentiments of predominance and security over Lennie. George likewise shields Lennie from losing openings in the work power. â€Å"† Then why don’t you let him answer? What you attempting to put over?†Ã¢â‚¬  (Steinbeck 22). George will a... ...he bond among George and Lennie, which returns numerous years, is different† (â€Å"Themes and Construction: Of Mice and Men.† Exploring Novels. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Understudy Resource Center-Gold. Web. 26 Apr. 2010). Forlornness, class clashes and Lennie’s mental inability portrays the obstructions one may run over throughout everyday life. Besides, the nature of human intuition and conduct makes the foundation of the Steinbeck’s type of composing. â€Å" The tale is packed with references to traps and capture, and the incessant utilization of creature symbolism fills in as a state of correlation for understanding the passionate conditions of human characters inside the work† (Beachman 3024). Natural selection is impacted by both creature and human. John Steinbeck shows the job of a man’s life during the Great Depression and how uncommon qualities can prompt unfavorable occasion of what is to come.

New Blog Humanitarian Work At MIT

New Blog Humanitarian Work At MIT My name is Ali Wyne, and Ill be this years host for the new Humanitarian Blog. I wanted mitadmissions.org to have an area devoted to the many people at MIT who are working to change the plight of the worlds impoverished whether by war or famine or disease or any of the other myriad ills that afflict so many. This blog will be for, and about, them. To tell you a bit about me Im a senior in Management and Political Science. It wasnt supposed to be that way because my heart was set on Economics when I got into MIT. Having been on autopilot during high school, I decided to take a year off to learn more about myself and figure out what my interests were. I deliberately decided not to come up  with a plan for that year. Sure, I did some things here and there my family  and I traveled to Pakistan for a month, and I interned at Amnesty International for a short while. For the most part, though, I stayed at home, reading and thinking.     It was in the process of doing so that I discovered my true passion (albeit a  latent one): political science. The way I see it, the study of politics is little more than the study of people, except that the stakes are a lot higher. I guess  that Course 17 makes sense for me, then,  since  my favorite thing to do is talk to and learn about people. What are your  dreams? Passions? Fears? Oddities? Everyday, I try  to meet someone new or find out something new about someone I already know. At MIT, most of the activities with which Im involved center on politics in one way or another. I started Forum on American Progress my freshman year to increase student discussion of American foreign policy, and, along with a friend, founded the MIT International Review to spotlight global problems and solutions. I also serve as UA Vice-President, write opinion pieces for The Tech, and participate in interfaith dialogue sessions as a member of the Addir Fellows. No introduction would be complete without some random tidbits, so Ill list the ones that first come to mind. My favorite band is Slipknot, with Simon Garfunkel coming in as a close second.    I like doing impressions of people: in particular,  Ali G, Borat, and Steven Thoen from American Idol. Im easily amused, partial to corny jokes, and prone to explosive laughter.   I love people who do things spontaneously for no other reason than to feel alive. Im hoping to go into public life one day and redress some of the injustices of which Im daily made aware. Change is possible if we believe in our power. I dont labor under any illusions the political road is a tough one, fraught with unexpected challenges. If Ive learned anything, though, its that while reality should guide our  mind, idealism must always kindle our heart.

Places to Search for College Grants

Places to Search for College Grants Websites to Search for College Grants College grants come from various sources but most commonly from the federal government, colleges, universities, and organizations. Financial need is the basis for grants and they come in different types such as for those studying specific subjects, minorities, and students pursuing particular degrees. Related Articles Grants for School Security Grants for School Security List of Scholarships List of Scholarships Available Grants for Senior Citizens Available Grants for Senior Citizens Federal Student Aid The Federal Government has some of the most sought after grants in the United States. The basis for these grants is financial need and some of them are also based on academic performance and program of study. On the Federal Student Aid website, you will find grants such as the Federal Pell Grant, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant, and The Academic Competiveness Grant. State-Funded College Grants Most states offer financial aid to students who are unable to afford a college education. Some of these college grants are for minorities and for fields that need more workers such as nursing and teaching. While not all states offer these awards, it's worth it to check your state's offerings. You can search for college grants in your state on the site College Scholarships. African American College Funding Grants If you are African American and have financial need, there are many grants available. Start with the United Negro College Fund. You should also check the college or university you will attend because many of them (especially if they are historically a black college) will help finance the educations of their African American students. Many private and public organizations also provide college grants to minorities such as The National Black Nurses Association, The March of Dimes Nursing Scholarship, The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and The American Psychological Association. Organizations such as Coca-Cola, ATT, Bell Labs and Xerox also provide college grants to minorities. SMET Grants If you're interested in studying science, math, engineering or technology, you may qualify for a SMET grant. †¢ National SMART Grant †¢ National Science Foundation †¢ Morris Udall Foundation †¢ Lucent Technologies †¢ Bell Labs Other Subject Specific Funding Opportunities For other subject related college funding options, check out: †¢ American Association of Critical Care Nurses

Security Policies For Schema Less Or Dynamic Schema...

5.10 Authorization Two important challenges (Obijaju, 2015; Srinivas Nair, 2015; Urbanski, 2012; Kirkpatrick, 2013; Fidelis Cybersecurity, 2014). 5.10.1 Possibility: How to define security policies for schema-less or dynamic-schema database? 5.10.2 Performance: Availability versus access controls overhead, how to manage the cost of access control? Because of schema-less nature of NoSQL data models, fine-grained data access controls at the column or row level, as gave by RDBMS i.e. oracle and these features are not accessible in the recent NoSQL databases. Some of them employ a few kind of authorization if desired. Authorization setting of some of NoSQL database is allowed by all authenticators, which means essentially there is no authorization per database level and allow any action by any user (Obijaju, 2015; Srinivas Nair, 2015; Kirkpatrick, 2013; Fidelis Cybersecurity, 2014). Authorization information is mentioned in Table 6. Table 6. Authorization Detail in NoSQL Databases NoSQL Databases Granularity Explanation BigTable Column Family Using ACL Cassandra Column Family Using I Authorizer API HBase Column Family /Cell Group-based authorization Accumulo Cell using Visibility Field 5.10.3 Inference Control: Access control on data, especially in Column-Wide database. 5.10.4 Administration/access control management: How and where to grant database access. †¢ Local versus Global access policies and their possible conflicts. †¢ Centralized approach: single-point ofShow MoreRelatedDatabase Security28570 Words   |  115 Pages- 1 - Database Security *) GÃÅ"NTHER PERNUL Institut fà ¼r Angewandte Informatik und Informationssysteme Abteilung fà ¼r Information Engineering Università ¤t Wien Vienna, Austria 1. Introduction 1.1 The Relational Data Model Revisited 1.2 The Vocabulary of Security and Major DB Security Threats 2. Database Security Models 2.1 Discretionary Security Models 2.2 Mandatory Security Models 2.3 Adapted Mandatory Access Control Model 2.4 Personal Knowledge Approach 2.5 Clark and Wilson Model 2Read MoreDesktop Support Interview-Questions2697 Words   |  11 Pagescentralized management of multiple RAS VPN Server in the Network. On this Server Remote Access Policy and Remote Access logging options are available. Q. FAT/NTFS? A. there is major difference are available between FAT and NTFS file systems Such as: FAT: †¢ †¢ FAT Stands for File Allocation Table There are three categories in FAT file system. ï‚ § FAT ï‚ § FAT-16 ï‚ § FAT-32 In FAT Not up to folder level security is available Compression option is not available Encryption Option is not available Disk QuotaRead MoreDatabase Management Systems And Databases2603 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract: NoSQL Databases also referred as Not only SQL databases. 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Essay on High Risk Nutrition - 2942 Words

High Risk Nutritional Practice Rosemary Gutierrez Grand Canyon University: HLT 324 V November 15, 2014 Abstract The importance of knowing your culture and where you come from can help you understand other people’s culture. This can also aid in improving how you work and what you can do. Being aware of what you are will also help prevent chaos between the patient and healthcare staffs. Being aware and mind sufficient will help one to open one’s eyes to see things in a different perspective such area where nutrition is at a high-risk. Researching the different cultural problems and identifying solutions will assist the writer to comprehend their way of life and lifestyles. High Risk Nutritional†¦show more content†¦Medicine within the Chinese culture is often being used to cure sickness and infection and to raise the forte of the frail and elder people (Purnell, 2013). Common food that Chinese heritage usually consume are peanuts, soybeans and grains. The Chinese culture believes in steaming most of their foods and only fried what is needed. They believe drinking something cold can damage and out balance their body system. When it is suppertime, everyone joins in at the middle of a table and food is served among the most important guest there, then someone signals everyone to eat. It is important for the Chinese heritage to uphold their health. The Chinese people try to keep their body well-balanced with a healthy diet. A healthy diet will aid and prevent imbalances and indigestion (Purnell, 2013). The Chinese people believed in Confucianism. It represents their character and behavior. Their purpose to receive harmony, which is the most impor tant social value they look at. As well defining your role within the heritage by acting in a proper manner. Nurses can provide the Chinese people with a translator and respect their culture beliefs (Tom, 1998). 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Often, these commercials guarantee that their customers will lose up to ten pounds in less than a week from using a fancy gizmo gadget workout machine. Some offer their viewers a diet plan that consists of little foods that make most people binge by the end of the program. The viewers are drawn to these commercials because they’ll believe what anyone says on television, and most of the timeRead MoreDiabetes : Obesity And Lack Of Physical Activity986 Words   |  4 Pagesincreased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. Increased physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. With a staggering 300 plus million people worldwide with diabetes, statistics are predicting that diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death in the world by 2030. Let’s look into the three types of diabetes briefly to give you look at the differences between the types and how nutrition and physicalRead MoreAn Analysis of Dave Shaws Findings towards Nutritional Science1446 Words   |  6 Pagessources of nutrition science. Textbooks and peer reviewed journals have been reviewed for their scientific statements and findings, therefore achieving authenticity. Dave Shaw’s (2014) article in the print media sourced from the New Zealand Herald is an attempt to simplify modern nutrition science for the public. Shaw’s understanding of nutrition science will be evaluated and the concept of nutrition science will be discussed. When thinking critically about Shaw’s article towards nutrition science,Read MoreNutrition, Obesity, and Disease789 Words   |  3 Pagesof body tissues as well as regulate the body processes (Lutz Przytulski, 2011). Health care providers have the responsibility to provide their patients with informati on that can be helpful in their daily lives but also provide information about nutrition that can prevent some diseases from occurring. Obesity is considered to be a major health crisis all over the world, it can lead to diseases such as: stroke, heart disease, hypertension, some cancers and many more (Coe, 2010). In 2010, research showsRead MoreObesity, Lack Of Nutrition And Physical Activity945 Words   |  4 PagesObesity, Lack of Nutrition and Physical Activity Health is about creating a balance between input and output of energy and materials that are necessary for normal body growth, and the purpose of health is having a positive outlook for further survival. Abnormal nutrition practices have a significant role in an increase in non-communicable diseases. Todays, one of the biggest health concern is obesity that unfortunately is leading causes of death. According to World Health Organization (WHO), obesityRead MoreThe recent changes in the school lunch and program Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesbreakfast program if the schools met the new nutrition standards, but some school districts had concerns that the revenue from the vending items or competitive foods sold outside of school lunch programs would drop and reduce profits that would create financial problems. According to Wharton, C. Long, M, Schwartz, M, available data suggest that most schools don’t experience any overall losses of revenue. After reviewing the results from thre e states nutrition policy pilot studies â€Å"fears of net negativeRead MoreBenefits And Negative Effects Of Fiber1371 Words   |  6 Pagesother substances too much may be harmful and too little could be detrimental. If a healthy diet must maintain a certain amount of fiber to aid in bodily functions, there must be an unhealthy amount of fiber at both ends of the quantity scale. 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I am also a health screener for Interactive HealthRead MoreThe Importance Of Nutrition On Health, Health And Well Being Of Our Population Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of Nutrition in Health Madison Aynes University of Arkansas Fort Smith NUTR 25230E1  According to the World Health Organization nutrition is defined as â€Å"the intake of food, considered in relation to the body’s dietary needs.† This topic is often overlooked by many Americans and its relationship with a healthy life is often never understood. From before life begins in the embryonic stages to the final stages of life nutrition plays a vital role in the life a person. Poor nutrition can be

The Effects Of Foster Care And The Abuse Children And...

There’s a Leak in the System That Needs To Be Fixed It is past midnight when loud banging sounds wake you. Something is wrong. All of a sudden, you hear the door being kicked down as the wood splinters and the glass shatters. Before you know it, the police have rushed into your home like a swarm of bees and have taken your parents into custody. Adding to this already bleak situation, a social worker has arrived and places you and your siblings into DHS custody. Since you have no other relatives to take care of you, you and your siblings are placed into the foster care system—in separate homes—without the ones you love most to comfort you. Unfortunately, this is the cold, sad reality of many children and teens who have been thrown into the system like a piece of meat for the wolves to devour. I have decided to write about the issues of foster care and the abuse children and teens face while moving through this broken system. Over the past years, I have developed a passion to intercede on behalf of our youth. I want to help them navigate through a life filled with turmoil and discord. I chose this topic because I want to make a difference in the lives of these mistreated, misunderstood, and misguided children and teens. One might ask, â€Å"How can we fix such a system with these particular problems?† Although I may not have the â€Å"right† answer to that question, I do believe there is a way to repair the massive leak that has caused a system meant to serve and protect our youth toShow MoreRelatedDysfunctional Family Essay1595 Words   |  7 Pageswill leave a harmful lifelong psychological impacts on a child. This varies from case to case, with some situations leaving a child of a dysfunctional family with physical and emotional abuse and trauma. There are cases of dysfunctional families that are helped, mostly through counselling and other programs. While in other cases dysfunctional families can not be helped in those cases the child is usually removed from the situation. There are ways to prevent dysfunctional families from affecting theRead More Drug Abuse Among American Teenagers Essay7972 Words   |  32 PagesDrug Abuse Among American Teenagers Drug abuse in America is a major problem. Especially among teenagers. Drugs have hurt the lives of nearly 40 percent of all teenagers in America. Either with health problems, DWIs, highway crashes, arrests, impaired school and job performance. These drugs that teenagers use range from Alcohol, LSD, Marijuana, and even Cigarettes. Most of the teenagers that are involved in drug abuse have either, broken families, parents that are drug abusers, a unstable environmentRead MoreEffect of Broken Home19368 Words   |  78 PagesAcademic Perfomance of Students Coming from Broken Homes CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study: Broken homes are experience by some of the students not only with those in poverty line families but same goes to middle and higher class families. Parents chose to live separately regardless how their children feel and its impact to their lives, however, there are still parents in spite of the situation still supports and care of their children in their studies, and others. It is worthy toRead MoreRdg/543 Dynamic Literacy Classroom Essay8655 Words   |  35 Pagesgenerated from this assessment shows the level of the expected understanding of covered reading standards. * Students are assessed through three different portions. The first part (RC) assesses reading comprehension through 2 or 3 short stories that are accompanied by comprehension questions. The second part (MAZE) assesses comprehension and fluency through a timed cloze reading. The third and final part (WA) assesses on vocabulary and spelling knowledge. Informal Assessment measuring unitRead MoreEssay about The Results of Children in Fatherless Homes16087 Words   |  65 Pagesfamilies are harmful to children and to society. The children of single parents are more likely to do poorly in school, commit crimes, and become single parents themselves. In addition, the increase in single-parent families contributes to such social problems as poverty, crime, and a decline in the quality of public education. Divorce and out-of-wedlock childbirth are transforming the lives of American children. In the postwar generation more than 80 percent of children grew up in a family withRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesCalifornia’s preschool m children. Young children are naturally eager to learn. However, not all of them enter kindergarten ready for school. All too often, children are already lagging behind their classmates, and this circumstance can impede their continued learning and development long past kindergarten. High-quality preschool teaching contributes to children’s longrange social and academic success, as well as their ability to express themselves creatively through the arts, their capacityRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 PagesTo manage dumping syndrome, the nurse should advise the client to A. restrict fluid intake to 1 qt (1,000 mL)/day. B. drink liquids only with meals. C. don t drink liquids 2 hours before meals. D. drink liquids only between meals. 6. A client seeks care for low back pain of 2 weeks duration. Which assessment finding suggests a herniated intervertebral disk? A. Pain that radiates down the posterior thigh. B. Back pain when the knees are flexed. C. Atrophy of the lower leg muscles. D. Positive HomansRead MoreSda Manual Essay101191 Words   |  405 Pages....... To Foster All Lines of Church Work ........................................ Relationship to the Ordained Minister .................................... Conduct of Church Services ..................................................... Baptismal Service ..................................................................... Marriage Ceremony ................................ ................................. To Cooperate With the Conference/Mission/Field ................... To Foster Worldwide WorkRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 Pagespertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRiver, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a r etrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department

Marni Finkelstein in With No Direction Home - 1607 Words

The ethnography With No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets by Marni Finkelstein, describes the life of street youth in New York City. The ethnography attempts to debunk myths that prior studies have formed of these street youths. The author, Marni Finkelstein is an Anthropologist renowned for her work on urban populations at risk. She graduated from the New School of Social Research in New York City with her PhD in Anthropology. Finkelstein has also conducted studies on substance abuse, sexual assaults and drug use of youths in New York City. Finkelstein achieves her goals, by using a scientific approach when observing the street youths. A few methods she utilizes are similar to that have been previous used but†¦show more content†¦In order to obtain accurate results, Finkelstein interviews 50 street youths from East Village of New York City. Furthermore, the number of males and females interviewed were almost proportionally equal, as there were 26 males and 24 females. She then also records the age these youths left home, in order to decide if there are any correlations between the age the youth left home and the number of youths that left home (2005, 15). The author applies cultural and moral relativism throughout her entire case study. She states that she did not prepare a fixed set of questions; rather she allowed the youths to generate the questions based on their interaction with her (2005,11). Finkelstein demonstrates her prowess by interchanging when she conducts interviews and when she solely observes the behavior of the youths. The ethnographic methods used by Finkelstein are similar to those employed by Marcelo Diversi, the author of Street Kids in Nikes: In Search of Humanization through the Culture of Consumption. Diversi’s ethnography focuses on street youths in Brazil and the impact that American pop culture has on them (Diversi, 2006). Even though, both Finkelstein’s and Diversi’s ethnogra phies focus on two separate issues, the means of their research contain glaring similarities. Both Diversi and Finkelstein utilize participant observation and they interview the street youths. Moreover they both choose to not live amongst the street youths;Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of With No Direction Home By Marni Finkelstein1133 Words   |  5 Pages The ethnography in â€Å"With No Direction Home† by Marni Finkelstein was quite astounding. The group Finkelstein studied were street kids no older than the age of 20. Finkelstein did not interview kids over 20 because he said kids under the age of 21 rely on their families for social and financial support. He studied kids under 20 because those groups are most vulnerable to the lack of familial support and wanted to determine whether it will affect their self behaviour. These interviews and observationsRead MoreAnalysis Of Marni Finkelstein s With No Direction Home 1394 Words   |  6 PagesThe book â€Å"With No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets† written by Marni Finkelstein refers to the homeless youth. This book describes the lifestyle of the teenagers with no home and explains with detail about what consist in their everyday lives in the streets of New York City. The purpose of this book is to explain to people who these kids are and t o see life in their point of view. It explains the difference between street kids and the kids that live on the street. WeRead MoreCritical Review: with No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets by Marni Finkelstein1959 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Review: With No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets By Marni Finkelstein In this critical review of Marni Finkelstein’s ethnography â€Å"With No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets† I will analyze and evaluate some of the strategies and methods used by this author. One primary issue I will discuss is the sample population. Finkelstein may have set the population limitations to strictly for this ethnography. Her limited observationRead MoreEthnographic Methods Utilized By Finkelstein In With No Direction Home 1657 Words   |  7 PagesWith No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets is an ethnography which describes the lives of youths living on the streets of New York City. The author attempts to conduct her own research in order to dispute the false impressions that many previous researches have formed about the youths living on the street. The ethnographic method she uses aids her study of the â€Å"street kids† in acknowledging the facts behind their choice of lifestyle and their experiences while on the street

Bluest Eye Essay Free Essays

It is so the start of school but the sisters Claudia and Frieda MacTeer are out to garner coals which had fallen from the railway autos. There was one time when Claudia got ill while they went out to garner coals. her female parent was huffy though still took good attention of her but the kid did non understand that her female parent was mad at the illness and non at her. We will write a custom essay sample on Bluest Eye Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now she besides retrieve how her sister usage to soothe her by singing to her. With that incident. she remembered that love was present. it is an understood though non straight expressed feeling. The MacTeer family had an add-on ; the first 1 was Mr. Henry Washington who lived with Mrs. Della Jones who already grew old and was left by her hubby who was believed to hold run off with another adult female. Another one is Pecola Breedloove. she is to be commiseration with because her male parent put their household house into ashes and now she’s under the country’s detention. Miss Breedlove. being a portion of the MacTeer household. loves to imbibe milk utilizing Shirley temple cup but Claudia expressed how she ever disliked the Shirley temple and the doll which has giver her as a present for Christmas. She tends to cognize why everyone thinks that the fair-haired doll is beautiful and where could its â€Å"beauty† be found. It was in the afternoon of Saturday when Pecola drank three quarts of milk and Mrs. MacTeer got huffy because of that. the sisters tried to avoid her when Pecola starts shed blooding. Frieda thought that Pecola was merely holding her menses and tried to put a tablet to the latter’s frock. Pecola so all of a sudden asked how babes are made. and so Frieda answered her that she has to happen person to love her first. It is on the Saturday forenoon of October. Mrs. Breedlove aftermaths foremost and started out a sudden explosion of action in the kitchen. Pecola is still in bed but she knows that her female parent will get down a battle with his male parent. The twosome battle between Cholly and his married woman became a everyday every after he gets home rummy. their boy Sammy would really either fall in the battle or run off from place while Pecola would happen a manner of how to stand the state of affairs. Mrs. Breedlove would inquire Cholly to convey her some coal for the range but Cholly would decline to make so and she says that one time she sneezing and gets cold from bringing the coal outside. so the hubby is in problem. Unfortunately Mrs. Breedlove sneezed so the battle started. The married woman would utilize a pan to hit her hubby so their boy would assist her female parent by hitting his male parents head. Once Cholly knocks out. Sammy would inquire his female parent to kill his male parent quick but so his female parent would hush him. On the contrary. Pecola still lies on her bed feeling sick. She even wishes she could merely vanish. She hates herself for her ugliness. her instructor and schoolmates would normally disregard her. She hopes for a blue oculus because she believes that that would do her expression reasonably merely like fair-haired Mary Jane pictured in the confect negligee. Pecola goes to see the cocottes populating above their flat. They are sort to her and would ever state her narratives about their â€Å"boyfriends† who are their clients. China. Poland. and Miss Marie are adult females who are non said to be a victim by their profession. they merely dislike work forces. They don’t experience ashamed of what they are. Pecola was so funny how it is likely to be in love or what love is like. She wonders if love is like her parent’s when doing love ; his male parent doing sounds as if agony in hurting while her female parent is quiet. The winter came when a new miss charmed the whole school. Maureen Peal has a cabinet next to Claudia’s and one twenty-four hours the new comer asked the MacTeer sisters if she could fall in them for walk place. The three misss saw Pecola who was harassed by a circle of male childs they bully her and tease her for holding a dark tegument. Frieda hit a male child and threatens the other. Claudia came in to assist her sister and it seems that the male childs where ready to give the sisters a battle but so Maureen arrived and looks like the male childs did non desire to contend in forepart of her and merely left. Maureen asked the misss if they wanted to hold some ice pick and tends to handle merely Pecola. Claudia on the other manus felt abashed and went on without ice pick. The misss started speaking about menses. Pecola was asked if she had of all time seen her male parent bare and answered that she ne’er did but Maureen continued the issue though the sister told her to halt. The misss argued and Claudia started on impeaching Maureen that the miss is a boy-crazy piece Maureen would state them that they are ugly and that they are black. Pecola was hurt and Claudia was alarmed that what the other miss said is a fact. When the misss got home. they saw Henry entertaining Miss Marie and China. Claudia and Frieda disliked it because they know that their female parent hated those misss. These cocottes come in after Mrs. MacTeer leaves the house. Frieda would inquire Mr. Henry about them but the latter would lie and state her that they are merely members of his bible-study group. A black adult female named Geraldine who was married to adult male named Louis has a kid named junior. Geraldine gives a existent first-class attention of junior physically but early on. the kid understands that her female parent is non capable of giving them fondness ; the adult female would demo fondness merely to cats. As a consequence to this. junior would torment a cat or make something probably to ache the animal. Junior would wish to play with inkinesss but his female parent would non let him to play with what they consider a Low-class or nigga. One clip when Geraldine was out Junior asked Pecola to play with him and promised the miss to demo her some kitty. Pecola was overwhelmed by the beauty of the house. interim. junior throw a cat into her face that scratched her. Pecola tried to go forth but so junior stopped him from the door. The cat begun to wish her and Junior was irritated that Pecola got the cat’s attending. Junior threw the cat and hit the radiator. the cat fell down lifelessly. Geraldine was back by so and saw the cat. on the other manus junior said that Pecola was the 1 who killed it and so Geraldine told Pecola that she was a â€Å"nasty small black bitch† . Now Cholly came home rummy once more finds Pecola busy making the dishes. With mix desires of tenderness and lunacy of fury. Cholly raped his ain girl Pecola. She so swoons and when she wakes up she founds her female parent gazing down at her. In Loraine’s black community a light-skinned who was raised from the West was â€Å"self declared reader so as an adviser† . he is Soaphead church. He was a married adult male but was all of a sudden left two months afterwards so he discovered that he does non suit his profession and so he studied psychopathology and other societal scientific disciplines. had different occupations and eventually came to populate in Lorain. He rents a back from Bertha Reese and the lone job that he has with it is the landlady’s Canis familiaris which disgusts him. He planned to kill the Canis familiaris but every clip he tries he hesitates to travel near it. Pecola came to inquire Soaphead Church for bluish eyes. he understands Pecola and was touched by the child’s petition. He understand her through his ain attractive force to whiteness. he knows that he could non assist her but he told Pecola that she should give Bob. the Canis familiaris. a meat that he in secret poisoned. He said that if the Canis familiaris shows any reaction. her wants will so come true. The Canis familiaris that so ate the meat convulsed and earlier died. Pecola seeing the reaction of the Canis familiaris ran off. Meanwhile Soaphead remembers two kids who let him touch them in exchange of money and Sweets and wrote a missive to god stating that he had ne’er touched Pecola and that he Rivaled God for he had granted Pecola’s wish. It is besides said that she will non literally have her bluish eyes but because of the incident. she will believe she now does. Claudia and Frieda noticed that Pecola was inseminated by her ain male parent who had already run off. The whole vicinity was disgusted by that fact but some of them besides blamed Pecola. When her female parent Pauline found her. she hit her difficult. and beat her until she about loses her breath. The MacTeer sisters were sorrowed by the fact that none of the grownup at their topographic point seem to care for Pecola. In the contrary. Claudia made an thought on her head about how the babe looks like. She imagined that the babe with all the beautiful characteristics ; eyes. lips and tegument. They tend to assist hapless Pecola by praying for her and by giving a forfeit ; they plan to bury the money into Pecola’s house and they will works the remainder of the marigold seeds into their ain pace ( bookrags ) . Pecola started her lunacy and is ever conceive ofing that she has a new friend. Her fanciful friend would state her unfavorable judgments for looking at her ain image at the mirror ; Pecola would get down to inquire about how her eyes are so admiringly bluish and inquire her fanciful friend if her eyes are the bluest 1s. She thinks that all the people around her are covetous of her that’s why no 1 dares to look or gaze at her non even her female parent. Then Pecola’s friend would get down speaking about her male parent. and would state her that Mrs. Breedlove must truly lose her hubby really much because they are doing love a batch. The fanciful friend would impeach Pecola that she liked her father’s sexual progresss during the 2nd clip that Cholly raped her. Pecola got angry and decided to travel on to their first subject about her bluish eyes. Claudia and Frieda felt that they failed because their marigold seed ne’er grew and Pecola’s babe was born without life. Cholly died finally in a workhouse and Mrs. Breedlove and Pecola moved into a new topographic point. Claudia thought that it is the people who stand as the clime for a certain individual who tend to be the flower to bloom ( Toni Morrison The Bluest Eye ) . Citations: †Claudia and Frieda thought that it was because Pecola is holding her father’s babe that the seed of the marigold flower did non grow† ( p. 5 ) . This is when Claudia narrated her friend’s being pregnated by Pecola’s ain male parent ( novelguide. com ) . â€Å"Nuns go by every bit quiet as lecherousness. and bibulous work forces and sober eyes sing in the anteroom of the Grecian hotel ( p. 9 ) ( â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) it explains that in the fall or the start of the narrative. the people are non who they are every bit said to be. â€Å"We stare at her. desiring her staff of life. but more than that desiring to jab the haughtiness out of her eyes and nail the pride of ownership that curls her mastication oral cavity ( p. 9 ) . â€Å" ( novelguide. com ) it is when Claudia stated how she hated Villanucci non because of the things that the individual possess but because of her attitude towards the societal position that she has. â€Å"It had occurred to Pecola some clip ago that if her eyes. those eyes that held the images. and knew the sights-if those eyes of hers were different. that is to state. beautiful. she herself would be different ( P. 46 ) ( novelguide. com ) . † Pecola believed that her life would be different if merely her eyes would turn into bluish. â€Å"She looks up at him and sees the vacuity where wonder ought to lodge and something more. the entire absence of human recognition-the glassy discreteness. † ( p. 48 ) ( novelguide. com ) it is when Pecola went out to purchase confect and the proprietor of the shop did non look to appreciate the beauty she has as a kid. â€Å"The line between colored and nigger was non ever clear ( novelguide. com ) ; elusive and revealing marks threatened to gnaw it. and the ticker had to be changeless. † ( p. 87 ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) This explains how Geraldine tried to conceal the existent visual aspect of junior by taking good attention of him and his true tegument tone. â€Å"She was secure and grateful ; he was sort and lively. † ( p. 116 ) ( novelguide. com ) . The storyteller stated how the twosome. Pauline and Cholly. went good at the beginning of their relationship. â€Å"She was ne’er able. after her instruction in the films. to look at a face and non delegate it some class in the graduated table of absolute beauty. and the graduated table was one she absorbed in full from the Ag screen. † ( p. 122 ) ( novelguide. com ) . Pauline. the female parent of Pecola believed that she could non be compared with other white individual and that she is non beautiful harmonizing to the criterions of white. â€Å"Her simpleness decorated us ; her guilt sanctified us. her hurting made us glow with wellness. † ( p. 205 ) ( novelguide. com ) . The storyteller explains how Pecola’s lower status composite strengthens the feeling of high quality of the people around her. â€Å"Certain seeds it will non foster certain fruit it will non bear and when the land putting to deaths of its ain will. we acquiesce and say the victim had no right to populate. † ( p. 206 ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) . This explains that Pecola’s babe was born dead because the hapless being was hated and that the kid has no right to populate. â€Å"We had defended ourselves since memory against everything and everybody considered all address a codification to be broken by us. and all gestures subject to careful analysis ; we had become froward. oblique. and chesty. Cipher paid us any attending. so we paid really good attending to ourselves. Our restrictions were non known to us—not so. † ( Second-to-last chapter ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) Claudia meant that they ne’er let themselves be oppressed by other people because their parents are at that place to back up them non unlike Pecola who experiences the confrontation of life and decease jobs without anyone to maintain her strong. â€Å"The birdlike gestures are worn off to a mere picking and tweaking her manner between the tyre rims and the helianthuss. between Coke bottles and silkweed. among all the waste and beauty of the world—which is what she herself was. All of our waste which we dumped on her and which she absorbed ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) . And all of our beauty. which was hers foremost and which she gave to us. â€Å" ( Last chapter ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) This explains how Pecola was made into a symbol of how individual acquire along through the agonies with fright and learns to confront it with hope that shows the interior beauty of a individual. â€Å"Cholly loved her. I’m certain he did. He. at any rate. was the 1 who loved her adequate to touch her. enfold her. and give something of him to her. But his touch was fatal. and the something he gave her filled the matrix of her torment with decease ( last chapter ) . ( Tony Morrison ) . Claudia believed that Cholly loved Pecola the manner he loved Pauline because he touched her and made love to her like he did with Pauline but the love he has for Pecola was the ground of her lunacy. â€Å"For some ground Cholly had non hated the white work forces ; he hated. despised. the miss. Even a half-remembrance of this episode. along with myriad other humiliations. lickings. and emasculations. could stir him into flights of corruption that surprised himself–but non merely himself† . ( ShengYing ) â€Å"Here was an ugly small girl inquiring for beauty. A small black miss who wanted to lift up out of the cavity of her inkiness and see the universe with bluish eyes. â€Å" ( Tony Morrison ) this was when Pecola approached Soaphead church and asked him to allow her a wish which is to hold those bluish eyes. Work Cited ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. novelguide. com/TheBluestEye/toptenquotes. hypertext markup language ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. randomhouse. com/highschool/catalog/display. pperl? isbn=9780375411557 A ; view=excerpt ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //academic. Brooklyn. cuny. edu/english/melani/cs6/eye61. hypertext markup language ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sparknotes. com/lit/bluesteye/quotes. hypertext markup language ( ShengYing ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. tqnyc. org/NYC040522/thebluesteye/finalwork. htm How to cite Bluest Eye Essay, Essay examples

Air Quality Essay Example For Students

Air Quality Essay Air Quality Dispersion Today, the air quality aspect of ARL research is by far the dominant theme, but distinctions among the themes remain somewhat vague. For example, the models developed for emergency response purposes are among those used for air quality prediction. The Air Quality and Dispersion theme is one of the strongest ties that binds ARLs components together. ARL is not heavily involved in the pure science of the business. Instead, ARL focusses on the need to assemble integrated understanding and models from all available sources, to develop the capability to predict changes in air quality that will follow changes in emissions, or that will occur as a result of meteorological factors. ARL air quality research extends to studies of atmospheric deposition essentially the coupling between the atmospheric pollutant environment and the surface below. ARL now operates the only research-grade deposition monitoring network in the nation: AIRMoN (the Atmospheric Integrated Resear ch Monitoring Network). Programs. Air Quality and Deposition Modeling Air quality models have demanded this kind of coupling for a considerable time. As a result, there are now well-developed descriptions of PBL processes in use in air quality models. ARL research products are now receiving a wider audience, within the mesoscale modeling community at large. It is recognized that modern models are invariably data assimilative, and that modern monitoring programs require coupled modeling activities for data interpretation. Model development programs are supported by a vigorous physical modeling program, located at Research Triangle Park, NC. ARL operates one of the nations major fluid modeling facilities, at which studies are conducted on the effects of mountains, buildings, and other surface obstacles on atmospheric flow patterns. Integrated Monitoring, and AIRMoN The Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network is an atmospheric component to the overall national integrated monitoring initiative that is currentl y evolving. AIRMoN has two principal components: wet and dry deposition. ARL presently focuses its research attention on ? the measurement of precipitation chemistry with fine time resolution (AIRMoN-wet), ? the development of systems for measuring deposition, both wet and dry, ? the measurement of dry deposition using micrometeorological methods (AIRMoN-dry), ? the development of techniques for assessing air-surface exchange in areas (such as specific watersheds) where intensive studies are not feasible, and ? the extension of local measurements and knowledge to describe areal average exchange in numerical models. Aerosols and visibility ARL specializes in the geochemical cycling of atmospheric aerosols, particularly the particulate component. Research groups in ARL concentrate on (a) the injection of dust and soil particles into the atmosphere, (b) the transport of particles through the atmosphere, the production of aerosol particles in the air by chemical reactions, (d) the scavenging of airborne particles by clouds and their subsequent deposition in precipitation, (e) the dry deposition of particles as air moves across different landscapes, and (f) the assembly of numerical models. Specific topics include ? the injection of dust and soil particles into the atmosphere, ? the long-range transport of particles through the atmosphere, ? the production of aerosol particles in the air by chemical reactions, ? the scavenging of airborne particles by clouds and their subsequent deposition in precipitation, and ? the dry deposition of particles as air moves across different landscapes. International ARL serves as the leader of the U.S. multi-agency effort to impose formalized and uniform quality assurance programs on the many national air quality and deposition monitoring networks that are operational around the globe. How are ozone concentrations calculated with Hysplit? Ozone is then calculated from the photostationary state equation. The IER solution is used in the operational Hysplit ozone calculation. The pollutant particles are tracked and air concentrations for each species are computed each advection time step following the usual lagrangian approaches. At the conclusion of the advection step the GRS differential equations are solved on the concentration grid (Eulerian solution), and the change of concentration of each pollutant species is applied to the pollutant mass on the particles that contributed concentration to each grid cell. -Eulerian chemistry solution on the grid dc/dt = {Equations 1 7} 1) ROC + hv -* RP + ROC Nitric oxide-ozone titration reacti on 5) RP + RP -* RP k5 = 10200 Sink for nitrogen dioxide to stable gaseous nitrates

Business World Mergers - Acquisitions and Innovation

Question: 1. Demonstrate an understanding of the concept of the organisation and the environment in which it operates, including determining the competitive advantage for an organisation.2. Identify and analyse organisational operations and responsibilities.3. Discuss the needs of the consumer and people who work in a business.4. Recognise a range of issues related to business and how they interlink. Answer: The Food and Beverage Industry is considered as the largest sector in the United Kingdom (Martinez 2013). There are more than 7000 companies in this sector which employs a large number of people. PESTEL is a strategic analysis tool which is used to identify the impact of the internal as well as external business environment. The two factors of the tool are discussed namely the Political factors and the Economic factors. Political factors The United Kingdom is facing serious political turmoil after its separation from the European Union (EU). The primary issue for the industry is the sourcing of raw materials for the production process. This could lead to a change in the government policy. The industry would affect greatly by a decrease or an increase in the tax (Sandford 2015). The government interventions such as changes in the interest rates would affect the functioning of the company. The exit of Britain from the EU can bring obstacles for the food and beverage industry. The companies in the UK need to abide by the food regulations of the EU in case they want to export their products to the EU. The political environment of UK is unpredictable as of now and there may be emergence of various pressure groups. There can be political factors such as- Impact on economy, changes in regulations, political instability, trade control, bureaucracy and others. Economic factors The continuing recession in the global economy is the primary concern for the food and beverage industry. The economic downturn implies that the consumers would have lower purchasing capabilities (Sandford 2015). This would mean that there would be less consumption of the food and beverages products. This may lead to a lowering of the sales of the companies. This may also lead customers to shift to the cheaper alternatives. There can be issues with the operational costs and the labor costs. The inflation may cause serious trouble to the industry. The American economy has improved little, though there is an increase in the consumer expenditure. The customers have also demonstrated a change in their purchasing patterns. This is caused due to the internal influences and the external influences. Three internal influences and two external influences of the consumer behavior that impacted the event are discussed. Internal Influences The consumers are affected by the internal characteristics such as motivations, perceptions and attitudes (Grewal et al. 2012). The motivation level of the customers decides if they are going to purchase a particular product or services. There is a direct connection of motivation with the needs of the customers. The companies need to influence the minds of the customers if they are eager to increase their sales (Grewal et al. 2012). The perceptions of the customers concerns with the selection, organization and interpretation of the information from the various sources. The companies should try to capture the aspect of selective attention of the customers. The attitudes of the customers, their feelings and preferences determine their buying patterns. External Influences There are external factors such as culture, subculture and social class that affect the consumer behavior (Batalla-Busquets and Pacheco-Bernal 2013). The culture is unique to a country and usually varies from one geographical location to another. The culture plays a major role in the purchasing decisions of the people. For example, there may be certain cultures that prevent girls from purchasing short dresses. The subculture is a subset of the culture like racial groups, geographic regions, religions and others (Batalla-Busquets and Pacheco-Bernal 2013). This group of people share display same values and have common experience. They may have identical lifestyle or similar preferences. The consumers are spending more on certain industries and less on other industries. The social classes comprise of the homogenous groups in the form of a social hierarchy (Batalla-Busquets and Pacheco-Bernal 2013). There are usually three types of social classes such as lower class, middle class and the affluent class. The majority of the consumers in America belong to the affluent class. They may not be inclined to the production or the manufacturing sectors. They are more interested for the lifestyle services. There are other factors such as unemployment which is affecting the consumers. The UK construction industry has witnessed a low output in June as compared to May. The downturn of the construction industry may lead to overall recession of the UK economy. The two forces of Porters Five Forces are analyzed such as Competitive Rivalry and Bargaining Power of Customers. Competitive Rivalry There is a fall in the demand of the construction projects, which has led to an increase of the capacity of the companies (Solomon 2014). The quality surveying companies engage in fierce competition with its peers so that they can offer the lowest fees. They engage in stiff competition to provide the most economic costs to their clients. This would fetch them lucrative projects as the clients are looking for economical options. There is also intense competition regarding the submission of competitive tenders (Solomon 2014). The UK market is overcrowded with big construction firms. The intense competition has led to the low productivity of the construction sector as a whole. Bargaining Power of Customers The UK construction sector faces strong threats from the bargaining power of the customers. There are several construction service providers in UK who are ready to deliver the construction related projects to the clients. There are, however, fewer clients, who are eager to purchase the construction projects (Ye Shen and Lu 2014). There are also few developers who are working in the marketplace. In the recent times, there has been a decline in the developers and there has been less demand of the construction projects. There is a tendency of the clients and the developers to postpone their projects to a later date so that they can get lower costs of the building. I am an extensive user of Twitter, both within the classroom and outside the classroom. I am fascinated by the features of the social networking site. I am also disturbed by few challenges of it. Benefits of Twitter inside the classroom Twitter is increasingly used in the classrooms for the benefit of the students (Safa et al. 2015). The main benefits are- I can enjoy greater content engagement as I am able to engage with my colleagues and this foster greater collaboration. I can provide the class with a running news feed. I can check the upcoming due dates of the assignments. Benefits of Twitter outside the classroom The purpose of Twitter is not entertainment or keeping in touch with the friends or families. The social networking giant also benefits the students and the teaching faculty. During my academic tenure, I have experienced numerous benefits from the use of Twitter. Some of the few advantages of using Twitter are described below- I can learn about new publications, research, conferences, seminars, lectures from tutors all over the world. I gather knowledge from all the information sources available at Twitter. I can stay updated about the recent happenings in my area of expertise. I can engage in the community building exercises and can follow my favorite personalities. I can post interesting updates in the Twitter feed, which brushes up my subject knowledge. Challenges of Twitter inside the classroom There are many challenges faced such as lack of attention to the course content and more focus on the entertainment section (Tiernan 2014). It often distracts me and I am unable to focus on my work. Challenges of Twitter outside the classroom There may be challenges regarding the network connectivity. Sometimes I am addicted to Twitter and it wastes my valuable time of studying. It also has a negative influence on the psychology of the students. Twitter can be used to enhance student learning by giving them practical exposure to the theoretical concepts that they have learned in class. It is also a tool of student engagement and skill development in the students. It also teaches the students to keep their arguments brief and concise. The news article on the impact of free trade and collateral damage is driven by globalization. There are two major drivers of globalization such as technological innovation and cross border mergers and acquisitions. Technological Innovation The technological innovation is the major driver of globalization. It has led to smooth functioning of the business entities across different geographical locations. There is also greater access to the goods and services of the other countries due to the improved technology (Ahuja and Novelli 2014). The fair trade deals with the fair trade practices where there is a need to offer maximum choices to the customers. The innovation in the technology also fosters greater trade opportunities across the borders. Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions The mergers and acquisitions with the existing market leaders pose lucrative business opportunities for the multinational companies. It promotes free trade across the national borders and hence the business owners can engage in greater business prospects (Ahuja and Novelli 2014). The business owner of one country can merge their business with the successful businesses of the other countries. This would give them greater profit sharing and mitigation of risks. References Ahuja, G. and Novelli, E., 2014. Mergers and Acquisitions and Innovation. Batalla-Busquets, J.M. and Pacheco-Bernal, C., 2013. On-the-job e-learning: Workers' attitudes and perceptions.The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,14(1), pp.40-64. Carpenter, J.P. and Krutka, D.G., 2014. How and why educators use Twitter: A survey of the field.Journal of research on technology in education,46(4), pp.414-434. Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A.L., Compeau, L.D. and Levy, M., 2012. Retail value-based pricing strategies: New times, new technologies, new consumers.Journal of Retailing,88(1), pp.1-6. Martinez, M.G. ed., 2013.Open innovation in the food and beverage industry. Elsevier. Safa, M., Shahi, A., Haas, C.T., Fiander-McCann, D., Safa, M., Hipel, K. and MacGillivray, S., 2015. Competitive intelligence (CI) for evaluation of construction contractors.Automation in Construction,59, pp.149-157. Sandford, C.T., 2015.Economics of public finance: an economic analysis of government expenditure and revenue in the United Kingdom. Elsevier. Solomon, M.R., 2014.Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: prentice Hall. Tiernan, P., 2014. A study of the use of Twitter by students for lecture engagement and discussion.Education and Information Technologies,19(4), pp.673-690. Ye, K., Shen, L. and Lu, W., 2014. A discriminant model for measuring competition intensity of construction market.Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management,21(2), pp.152-169.

Act and Action

Act and Action Act and Action Act and Action By Maeve Maddox Act functions as both a verb and a noun: The government must act quickly to avoid worse consequences. (verb) Polluting the stream with transmission fluid was a criminal act. (noun) As a noun, act has several specialized meanings: deed Paying for the child’s piano lessons was an act of kindness. division of a play Judy’s big speaking part came in the third act. a piece of entertainment My friend’s grandson performed a juggling act on the Jay Leno Show. pretense The boss was deceived, but the rest of us knew he was putting on an act. an account of the life and deeds of a person or persons (usually plural) Our preacher’s favorite book of the Bible is the Acts of the Apostles. a degree or statute passed by a legislative body The Volstead Act prohibited intoxicating beverages and regulated the manufacture, production, use and sale of high-proof spirits for purposes other than drinking. Action is an abstract noun formed from the verb to act. It also has more than one meaning: lawsuit She has retained counsel, David Shiller, to bring an action against The Toronto Star. military engagement Captain Martin, although badly wounded,  survived the action. gestures In teaching the Itsy-Bitsy-Spider song to a child, first teach the words, then the actions. event or series of events in a story The action in the film Gigi takes place in turn-of-the-twentieth century Paris. Using action and act interchangeably is appropriate only when the sense is â€Å"deed† or â€Å"thing done.† Action has meanings that do not apply to act, as in the following statements: There can be no excuse for his actions on the day of the disaster. behavior conduct undertakings exploits maneuvers endeavors efforts exertions activities He lived a life of action. energy vitality vigor forcefulness drive initiative spirit liveliness vim pep activity At the time, the action of asbestos on the lungs was not widely known. effect influence power Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:36 Adjectives Describing Light15 Types of DocumentsWords Often Misspelled Because of Double Letters

The Influence of Rap Music essays

The Influence of Rap Music essays Rap music is a genre of rhythm and blues music that consists of rhythmic vocals declaimed over musical accompaniment. The accompaniment generally consists of electric drum beats combined with digitally isolated sound bites from other musical recordings. Rap music has been categorized as, A cultural evolution of the Black oral tradition and contemporary resistance rhetoric. The Influence of Rap Music Rap music has many negative influences in our culture and society today. Over time rap music has developed a lot of controversy in many ways, especially amongst parental units and their teenagers. One controversy is woman and how they are degraded in the lyrics. Another reason that Rap music causes problems today is by the way that they portray drugs, alcohol and money to be something they are not. In Rap music violence is talked about frequently to be a normal part of life. The criterion to bad rap music is explicit lyrics and negative influences on the young people of today. They talk about murder, rape, and assault as though they were okay. Almost everybody and everything that has to do with rap music is associated with drugs and alcohol. What are these rap lyrics encouraging young people to do? They cause them to do negative things resulting in aggressive behavior. It encourages young people to be gangsters, curse, fight, and kill people. It promotes s ex, violence, and drug and alcohol use and abuse. It even degrades women, and speaks of violent crimes towards them. Rap music promotes violent and hostile behavior in young listeners. Some people argue that rap music provides valuable information to young listeners. They feel that it tells the story of the black mans struggle. Some also feel that it describes life in the eyes of a black person. Rap artists such as Eminem (Marshall Mathers), Ice Tea, and others have reveled in the controversy raised by their explicit and violent lyrics. According to Fiel ...

The Red Guards of Chinese Cultural Revolution Research Paper

The Red Guards of Chinese Cultural Revolution - Research Paper Example The Red guards believed themselves to be Mao’s army and named themselves thusly; ‘Hong’ meant red or the ideology of Mao which was being protected, ‘Wei’ by ‘bing’ meaning (soldiers) of China. Red guards began with a small group of school children who started with naming themselves ‘Chairman Mao’s Red Guards’, but Mao’s direct support and encouragement for them led the group to be named the ‘Red Guard’. The Red Guard comprised of young people who belonged to families from the ‘five red types’. In 1966, Mao called for a ‘cultural revolution’ against the segmentation that had been created in the society and wanted to rid the society of all evil by eliminating any elements of ‘Capitalist’ or ‘Bourgeois’ ideology. As a result of Mao’s call, two character posters were plastered at the Tsinghua University to oppose the administration at the Universities of Beijing and Tsinghua as intellectual elitists and bourgeois who had diverged from the right path of thought; the poster was signed by ‘chairman Mao’s red guard. Mao endorsed the actions of the group and encouraged their thinking that their thinking was in line with that of Maoism, and as a result of his order the manifesto was to appear in People’s Daily and a nationwide broadcast was sanctioned. The movement gained popularity. In Tiananmen Square Mao addressed a gathering of above eight hundred thousand people while he wore the Red Guard arm band throughout the rally, showing unrelenting support for the guard and their actions (Byers 3). Although the red guards began as a movement of the youth and young students but later on engulfed the working and peasant population (Szczepanski). As the movement progressed the re d guards became known for their destruction, violence and cruelty. The guard destroyed cultural abodes, writings, buildings, religious buildings and much more in the name of destroying the four olds; people were killed and humiliated for their anti-Maoism ideology (Szczepanski). Where for many the red guard is a memory of grief and violence; for many others it is nothing but a group of people who were clad in old army jackets, wore red arm bands and

Differences Between Two Author Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Differences Between Two Author - Essay Example igh school clinics saw around 150 cases of sexually transmitted diseases like condyloma, chlamydia, and the better-known gonorrhea and syphilis† (Quindlen). Although Quindlen supports the practice of free discussion between parents and young people concerning sex and the value of abstinence, many families have unfortunately took the matter for granted. She cites the case of a â€Å"girl who broke her leg jumping out an apartment window because her mother found her birth control pills, seized her by the throat and said, according to the kid, ‘I brought you into the world; I can take you out of it’† (Quindlen). On the other hand, conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh took a firm stand against the distribution of condoms in public schools by stressing the values of celibacy. He asserts that parents have a responsibility to protect their children from unsafe sex. Thus, to prove his point, he came up with questions such as â€Å"doesnt it make sense to be honest with kids and tell them the best thing they can do to avoid AIDS or any of the other undesirable consequences is to abstain from sexual intercourse?† (Limbaugh) Limbaugh argues that providing young people with condoms is somehow giving them a free pass that it is perfectly acceptable to have sex at their age – something that he believes is causing the skewed â€Å"moral and ethical directions† (Limbaugh) that American kids have been following. He further argues by questioning the liberals’ assumption that young people will simply have sex regardless of how they’re educated. Sarcastically, he points out that â€Å"kids are going to smoke, too, we cant stop them, so lets provide packs of low-tar cigarettes to the students for their after-sex smoke† (Limbaugh). The fact is that the positions taken by both commentators are rooted in good intentions, but more importantly, in reality. Limbaugh is right to emphasize the role of parents in the sexual education of their children. Parents should be more

Reducing the Risk of Transmission of Nosocomial Infections

Reducing the Risk of Transmission of Nosocomial Infections CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The standard precautions (SP), proposed by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1996, are guidelines for reducing the risk of transmission of nosocomial infections in hospitals. It proposes that body fluid, patient blood, secretions, and excrement are infectious, hence preventive measures are necessary to protect both patients and medical personnel. These preventive measures include avoidance of direct contact with patients and air-borne particles, and require hand washing and sterilization, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), the safe disposal of sharp instruments and waste management (Luo, He, Zhou Luo, 2010). 1.1  Background of the Study Standard precautions are specifically designed to reduce the risk of acquiring occupational nosocomial infections from both known and unknown sources in the healthcare setting. Awareness and compliance with these recommendations is crucial for the prevention of occupational nosocomial infections in healthcare personnel and patients (Abdulraheem, Amodu, Saka, Bolarinwa Uthman, 2012). Standard precautions include hand washing; use of personal protective equipment (gloves, gown, cap and mask); care with devices, equipment and clothing used during care; environmental control (surface processing protocols and health service waste handling); adequate discarding of sharp instruments; and patient’s accommodation in accordance to requirement levels as an infection transmission source. Hand hygiene is most important measures among the standard precautions advocated (Abdulraheem et al., 2012). Stringent observations of these measures protect the personnel against blood-borne viruses and to decrease transmission of cross infections among patients (Atif et al., 2013). Nurses are the group of health care providers with the most direct contact with patients while providing care. Therefore, nurses’ adherence to infection prevention precautions would have a profound effect on reducing nosocomial infection rates (Al-Hussami Darawad, 2013). The causal agents that bring infections are transmitted mainly by hands, after failure to comply with hygiene procedures. Hand washing is considered the most important measure in preventing infections. However, according to Jusot et al. (2004), in their study in the southeast of France, compliance of healthcare workers (HCWs) with SP was variable and often poor. In terms of knowledge, Chan et al. (2002) reported that in Hong Kong, nurses’ knowledge on SP was inadequate, in terms of applying precautions inappropriately and inadequately. In addition, Abdulraheem et al. (2012) in their study that conducted at North Eastern Nigeria also found that only a very small proportion of HCWs had a good knowledge o n SP. Different epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infection in children results from the specificities of anatomy, physiology, medical conditions, therapeutic and surgical conditions and type of pathogens in pediatric populations. Besides that, the pediatric-hospitalized population is very heterogeneous, varying in age, diagnosis, and underlying illness, ranging from infants with congenital anomalies to adolescents with multiple traumas. Consequently, even patients admitted to the same ward pose a different risk for hospital-acquired infections (Lopes et al., 2006). Pediatric cancer patients have an increased risk of potentially life-threatening infectious complications due to their underlying illnesses and intensive anticancer treatment (Simon et al., 2008). Thus, SP are very crucial in preventing these nosocomial infections. It is clear that SP reduces the extent to which HCWs exposed to the blood of others, and, presumably, this in turn reduces their risk of occupational infections with blood borne pathogens. Although it has been routinely practiced in high-income countries for a long time, it is hard to achieve full compliance. Noncompliance has been associated with a range of factors, which include lack of knowledge, interference with work skills, risk perception, not wanting to offend patients, lack of equipment and time, uncomfortable PPE, inconvenience, work stress, and perceiving a weak organizational commitment to safety climate (Kermode et al., 2005). 1.2  Problem Statement The reality of adopting SP within the hospital setting is far from what is recommended and had proved to be somewhat problematic (Gammon Gould, 2005). Efstathoiu, Papastavrou, Raftopoulos and Merkouris (2011) also reported that adherence with SP among nurses in Cyprus in order to avoid exposure to microorganisms was low. More specifically, compliance was found insufficient regarding hand hygiene guidelines, use of gloves when exposure to body fluids was anticipated, eye protection, mouth and nose protection (mask use), wearing a gown when required, avoid recapping the needle after it was used for a patient, and provision of care considering all patients as potentially infectious. According to Gammon, Samuel and Gould (2008), in United Kingdom, staff compliance to SP was generally deficient, and practice interventions to improve adherence were generally limited in their effect. Hospital acquired infections (HAI) or nosocomial infections (NI), which pose a serious problem, threatening the health and safety of patients and medical personnel worldwide due to poor compliance towards SP. Nosocomial infections, defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, three days of discharge or 30 days of an operation, affect one in every ten patients admitted to hospital. These infections affect the quality of medical care and increase medical care costs (Inweregbu, Dave Pittard, 2005). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2009), hundreds of millions of patients develop HAI around the globe every year and as many as 1.4 million cases occur in hospitals alone each day. In pediatric setting, HCWs always assumed that children are low-risk patients. Although it was acknowledged that the children can also carry contagious diseases, but they often do not implement SP (Efstathoiu et al., 2011). Nosocomial infections are a crucial clinical complication in adult and children patients at the different hospital wards worldwide. Nosocomial infections bring considerable morbidity and mortality associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased health care costs (Nagliate, Nogueira, Godoy Mendes, 2013). Kinnula et al. (2012) in their study at Finland and Switzerland found that 8.4% of children in a ward for pediatric infectious diseases acquired a viral HAI during their hospitalization, although only 13% of the HAIs manifested themselves during hospitalization, the majority, 87%, occurring after discharge. So, from here can be proved that, SP are very important to be implemented in the clinical settings. Without these measures, NI will occur. For Hospital USM, pediatric oncology ward, 6 Utara (6U) showed the highest rate of NI if compared to others pediatric ward (Unit Kawalan Jangkitan Epidemiologi Hospital, 2013). This may be due to the low immune system of those children. Pediatric cancer patients are at an increased risk for specific HAI. These adverse events can result not only in significant morbidity and mortality, but also in an increased expenditure of limited financial and personnel resources (Simon et al., 2008). According to Unit Kawalan Jangkitan Epidemiologi Hospital (2013), the average NI occurred per month from August 2012 to August 2013 was 3 cases, which contributed to 4.62% of total admission of the patient. This was quite a high number. Thus, interventions should be taken to investigate the compliance level of the pediatric nurses towards SP and thus to reduce the infection rates. Table 1.2.1 Total nosocomial infection occurred per month at 6Ufrom August 2012 to August 2013 (Source: Unit Kawalan Jangkitan Epidemiologi Hospital, 2013) Date Total NI Total no. of admission Total % of admission in ward August 2012 4 58 6.89 September 2012 3 47 6.38 October 2012 2 82 2.45 November 2012 0 50 0 December 2012 1 74 1.35 January 2013 2 65 3.0 February 2013 5 60 8.33 March 2013 3 62 4.84 April 2013 2 65 3.06 May 2013 4 71 5.6 June 2013 3 67 4.4 July 2013 1 76 1.31 August 2013 4 67 5.97 AVERAGE 3 65 4.62 Guidelines or policies that guide an individual’s behavior exist in a variety of settings (including health care settings), but people do not always comply with them. In order to explain and understand the factors that influence an individual’s adherence with certain guidelines, which consequently may bring to the adoption of certain behavior, a number of conceptual models or theories had been developed (Efstathiou et al., 2011). Conceptual framework that used in this study in explaining the knowledge and compliance towards SP among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM was adapted from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by Ajzen (1991). The TPB provides a model that has potential benefits for predicting the intention to perform a behavior based on an individual’s attitudinal, normative beliefs and perceived behavioral control. As for this study, the knowledge on SP, self-efficacy (attitude), awareness on the importance of standard operating procedures (SOPs), and some individual factors of nurses will influence their practice towards SP in healthcare setting. 1.3  Research Objectives 1.3.1  General Objective The general aim of this study is to identify the knowledge and compliance towards standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM). 1.3.2  Specific Objectives To identify the level of knowledge regarding standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. To identify the level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. To determine the association between selected socio-demographic data (working ward, clinical working experience in years and highest nursing educational level) and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. To determine the association between levels of knowledge regarding standard precautions and level of compliance among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. To determine the association between self-efficacy and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. 1.4  Research Questions What is the level of knowledge regarding standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM? What is the compliance level among pediatric nurses towards the application of standard precautions in the pediatric ward at Hospital USM? Is there any association between working ward and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM? Is there any association between clinical working experience in years and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM? Is there any association between highest nursing educational level and level of compliance towards standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM? Is there any association between level of knowledge regarding standard precautions and level of compliance among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM? Is there any association between self-efficacy and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM? Research Hypothesis 1.5.1 Hypothesis 1 HO: There is no significant association between working ward and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. HA: There is a significant association between working ward and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. 1.5.2 Hypothesis 2 HO: There is no significant association between clinical working experiences in years and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. HA: There is a significant association between clinical working experiences in years and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. 1.5.3 Hypothesis 3 HO: There is no significant association between highest nursing educational level and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. HA: There is a significant association between highest nursing educational level and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. 1.5.4 Hypothesis 4 HO: There is no significant association between level of knowledge and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. HA: There is a significant association between level of knowledge and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. 1.5.5 Hypothesis 5 HO: There is no significant association between self-efficacy and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. HA: There is a significant association between self-efficacy and level of compliance with standard precautions among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM. 1.6  Definition of Operational Terms Knowledge Knowledge is defined as the level or degree of information acquired in a particular field. It is a basic requirement so that the positive changes in behavior can be developed. Knowledge can further bring into awareness and in turn leads to action. To develop nursing knowledge, it comes from both theoretical and practice perspectives. By gaining knowledge, it raises awareness of personal and professional accountability and the dilemmas of practice (Ndikom Onibokun, 2007). In this research, it was referred to the knowledge regarding SP and its application. Compliance Compliance is defined as the extent to which certain behavior (for example, following physician’s orders or implementing healthier lifestyles) is in accordance with the physicians’ instructions or health care advice. It can be influenced or controlled by a variety of factors such as culture, economic and social factors, self-efficacy, and lack of knowledge or means (Efstathiou et al., 2011). In this research, it was referred to compliance or adherence towards SP to prevent NI. Standard precautions The standard precautions are defined as guidelines to reduce the risk of transmission of blood-borne and other pathogens in hospitals. It proposes that body fluid, patient blood, secretions, and excrement are infectious. Hence these measures are necessary to protect both patients and HCWs (Luo et al., 2010). Standard precautions include hand washing; use of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gown, cap, mask); care with devices, equipment and clothing used dur ­ing care; environmental control (e.g., sur ­face processing protocols, health service waste handling); and adequate discarding of sharp instruments including needles (Vaz et al., 2010). In this research, SP referred to those policies that protect patient and HCWs such as hand washing, use of PPE, safe sharp disposal and waste management. Nosocomial Infections Nosocomial infections are defined as infections that occur within 48 hours of hospital admission, three days of discharge or 30 days of an operation (Inweregbu, Dave Pittard, 2005). In my research, it was referred to the infections that acquired within the period of hospitalization. Self-efficacy Self-efficacy is defined as the confidence to control and guide one’s own activities. General self-efficacy is a general confidence when the individual deals with changeable environments and faces new experiences (Luo et al., 2010). In this research, it was referred to the self confidence in implementing SP to prevent NI. 1.7  Significance of the Study Nosocomial infections control requires a combination of interventions, including knowledge about the use of SP, rational use of antimicrobials, hand washing and compliance with SP and manuals for prevention and controlling microorganisms. Health professionals’ low compliance with and difficulties to use SP had been demonstrated in some research though (Efstathiou et al., 2011; Luo et al., 2010). Hence, in view of application and even compliance failures that compromised patient and professional safety (Sax, Uckay, Richet, Allegranzi Pittet, 2007), it is necessary to assess nurses’ knowledge and compliance about SP (Nagliate et al., 2013). By assessing the knowledge and compliance level toward SP among the nurses, interventions could be taken to improve the quality of health care services as well as provide a holistic nursing care to reduce the morbidity and mortality worldwide. In order to reduce HAI and protect the health of patients and HCWs, the relevant authorities and hospital infection control departments should pay more attention to nurse compliance towards SP, strengthen SP training, and provide sufficient practical PPE. Through learning, the attainment of knowledge and skills, and the formation of health beliefs and attitudes, health activity habits can be formed. Only when individuals are familiar with the content and meanings of the SP, with strengthening of the individual’s health concepts, can individual practice change so as to improve compliance with SP. For nurses, the study on adherence towards SP and factors impacting compliancy should be strengthened in order to improve concepts of health and self-efficacy, to increase compliance with the SP and hence reduce the chances of NI (Luo et al., 2010). The reason that the researcher wished to conduct this research was because from the researcher’s observation during clinical posting, it was observed that, the nurses often neglected the importance of SP. For example, they did not apply the proper ways in implementing SP, some even did not adhere to it at all due to time saving and other reasons. On the other hand, the reason that this study been conducted at pediatric ward was because children is having low immunity if compared to adults, they are at high risk of acquiring NI, so the implementation of SP is very important to ensure a quality health care. In addition, no research on the knowledge and compliance towards SP had been done at Hospital USM before this. Thus, this study is crucial to assess the knowledge and compliance level towards SP among pediatric nurses at Hospital USM to provide a preliminary data that is crucial for the hospital. This study can provide a better insight into the magnitude of the problem of infection control in this hospital. By knowing all these, interventions can be taken if the knowledge and compliance level are disappointing to increase the knowledge and compliance towards SP among the pediatric nurses to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate.